The psychological explanation of terrorism

Presentation Terrorism can be characterized as a demonstration of brutality, dread, or hostility whose goal is to accomplish compulsion and dread in peaceful people. In any case, there is no commonly acknowledged meaning of fear based oppression on account of its expansive and broad application in various conditions and behaviors.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The mental clarification of psychological warfare explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, as indicated by the protected significance given in the Terrorism Act of 2000 in the United Kingdom, fear mongering involves those activities did by non-state people with the point of impacting the government’s approaches and choices other than scaring the overall population (Randy 2004, p. 9). These fear based oppressor activities incorporate savagery against people, harm to property, participating in exercises that imperil or compromise the security of others, and the utilization of guns to undermine the State or its residents. Then again, fear based oppression can be sub-isolated into a few classes, which incorporate psychological militant exercises completed by systems and governments; non-state psychological warfare, national psychological oppression, and global fear mongering (Moghadam 2006, p. 18). Besides, psychological oppression all in all can be ordered into corrigible and hopeless fear monger acts. Under corrigible fear based oppression, there is consistently a method of arriving at a trade off between the two clashing gatherings, in this manner finishing brutality and hostility. Be that as it may, under hopeless psychological warfare, the fear based oppressor bunch utilizes maximalist approaches in assaulting their objective and the main answer for halting their exercises is to utilize power in containing brutality and animosity (Schmid Jongman 2005, p. 33). Thusly, psychological oppression is a wide wonder that is driven by ideological (Political an d strict), social, and financial components. Besides, there are various sorts of vicious and forceful practices related with fear based oppression. Accordingly, it is unimaginable to be sure support the fundamental inspirations and determinants of psychological militant exercises. Moreover, there is no commonly acknowledged hypothetical and reasonable clarification of the inspirations and determinants of psychological oppressor exercises. Thusly, numerous countries on the planet are compelled to utilize a lot of national assets in attempting to destroy or forestall fear based oppression however with little achievement (Randy 2004, p. 12). Be that as it may, numerous clinicians contend that fear based oppression has a mental premise as imagined in the psychoanalytic and the non-psychoanalytic speculations of psychological warfare. Then again, the adversaries of the mental cases recognize a few traps of the brain science of psychological oppression. This paper analyzes the points of i nterest and restrictions of the brain science of psychological oppression with the point of indicating that brain research can really clarify why a typical individual executes fear based oppressor exercises against others.Advertising Looking for article on political theories? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The upsides of the brain research of fear based oppression Being a sociology that reviews human conduct, brain science has a great deal to offer as far as looking at the inspirations and reasons for psychological oppressor exercises. Early investigations in the field of brain science of psychological warfare distinguish narcissism as a potential methodology towards clarifying the cause of fear mongering. Here, the advocates of the psychoanalytic hypotheses of psychological warfare contend that there is the need to create solid connections and associations with babies during the beginning times of their life expectancy impro vement. This guarantees the newborn children embrace all the typical phases of improvement other than sharing the sentiment of parental love (Crenshaw 2001, p. 21). This is the premise of the narcissism hypothesis, which holds that a newborn child who is denied of parental or cultural love builds up a modified mental self portrait, threatening vibe, and an irregular self-personality that comes full circle into narcissistic wounds. These wounds make sentiments of outrage, savagery, and hostility in the influenced people who will in general invest the greater part of their energy attempting to dispense with what they see to be the reason for their inward agony and wounds. In spite of that the narcissistic hypothesis offers a potential reason for savagery and antagonistic vibe normal for some psychological oppressors, it bombs in catching the conceivable inspiration of a wide range of viciousness related with fear mongering. Along these lines, current psychoanalytic investigations util ize various ways to deal with clarify the reasons for fear based oppression. Furthermore, most psychoanalytic examinations demonstrate that fear based oppressors select to participate in psychological militant exercises due to various reasons. Additionally, ordinary people become psychological militants in various manners and with various inspirations. Along these lines, most analysts contend that in the mission to support the potential reasons for fear based oppressor exercises, there is the need to segregate between the inspirations for joining, being held, and disserting psychological militant groups (Schmid Jongman 2005, p. 61). Subsequently, current psychoanalytic examinations propose the personality hypothesis as one of the psychoanalytic speculations of fear mongering. These hypotheses were advanced by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) who in concurrence with other neo-Freudian therapists contend that the human brain and its related mental procedures are oblivious. Thusly, the mental procedure of life expectancy advancement follows an unmistakable and exceptionally sorted out strategy including a few phases that rely upon one’s youth wants (Crenshaw 2001, p. 405). On the off chance that any of these stages is overlooked, or an individual’s youth dreams are uncertain, the influenced individual turns out to be mentally distressed.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The mental clarification of fear based oppression explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the personality hypothesis, people who will undoubtedly execute psychological militant exercises are typically youthful and fiery people experiencing low confidence, which in this manner modifies their perspective in that they are happy to do anything which makes them regarded. Along these lines, the quest for self-character can make an ordinary individual defenseless against turning into a possible psychological militant. Besides, psychoanalytic examin ations show that there is nobody character that can be utilized to distinguish possible fear based oppressors. Be that as it may, most psychological oppressors share basic memoirs portrayed by instances of embarrassment, youth misuses, and social shameful acts. These accounts might be the potential reasons for brutality and animosity executed by most fear based oppressors against their casualties. Also, the distrustfulness hypothesis holds that people with neurotic character difficulties create sentiments of doubt and doubt towards others and they will undoubtedly grow sick thought processes towards these individuals (Schmid Jongman 2005, p. 61). Subsequently, as indicated by most analysts, these people additionally have explicit character properties, for example, fervor searchers; activity arranged characters; vicious and forceful characters; and social disappointments. These qualities are related with the expanded likelihood of these people sorting out themselves in psychological oppressor gatherings to accomplish their vindictive thought processes. Moreover, the neurosis hypothesis concurs with other observational investigations directed by analysts on fear based oppressors experiencing narcissistic character difficulties, which shows that psychological oppressors more likely than not experienced parting encounters before they chose to take part in psychological oppressor exercises (Moghadam 2006, p. 20). Here, parting encounters involves the torment and narcissistic wounds that people are presented to before throughout everyday life. Hence, these people experience the ill effects of a harmed picture of their own characters and inward agony. Within these people, the contention between what is acceptable and terrible is uncertain and therefore, one structures wounds that are externalized through reprimanding others for one’s torment, shortcomings, money related issues, and low confidence. Additionally, fear mongers will in general think about their in ternal shortcomings against the apparent quality and intensity of their adversaries and in this way they will invest the greater part of their life-energy attempting to pulverize the inward shortcomings through animosity and viciousness (Crenshaw 2001, p. 410). In particular, the conversations above show that psychological militants are ordinary, canny, and basic organizers of their exercises. This discredits any prospects of psychological oppressors being intellectually sick (Hoffman 1999, p. 337; Hoffman 2006, p. 409). Thusly, there must be a main thrust that keeps psychological oppressors together in advancing their course while decimating their apparent enemies.Advertising Searching for article on political theories? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More One of the potential drives for fear based oppressor exercises is their political and strict belief systems. In most psychological oppressor groups, there are strict belief systems giving the ethical support of fear based oppressor exercises. Here, therapists guarantee that in ordinary social orders, there are decides and endorses that keep people from acting malevolently (Wilkinson 1997, p. 415). In any case, in specific situations, viciousness and hostility can be advocated in the general public comparative with its ethical target as discernible in the narratives of the Islamic religion, Christianity, and Judaism. Additionally, the radical belief systems keep the fear based oppressors together in gatherings and any misconception, doubt, or infringement of the factions’ rules can undermine the group’s presence. Confinements of the brain research of fear mongering From the conversations above, it is significant that the brain research of psychological warfare examines t he conduct of fear mongers that can be ascribed to their demonstrations of viciousness and hostility. Comparative with considers led on the conduct of fear mongers, it is apparent that there are various sorts of fierce and aggressi

Venus And Adonis Essay Research Paper Venus free essay sample

Venus And Adonis Essay, Research Paper Venus and Adonis: Pictures of Sexuality in Nature # 8220 ; Love is the answer, in any case, while you are sitting tight for the answer, sex brings up some sensibly great issues. # 8221 ; Woody Allen All through his shows and poesy Shakespeare imbeds army and differing subjects, a large number of them partner to cherish, sexual orientation, life, expire, confidence and incalculable others. In his stanza structure Venus and Adonis Shakespeare handles the subject of sexual orientation as a portrayal of affection, and a guide of Nature. The characters of Venus and Adonis, every now and again times reminiscent of an Elizabethan fallen Adam and Eve, make an explicitly charged refrain structure that loans a significant part of the force and impact of affection and life and expire to Nature. Shakespeare makes a characteristic marvel that genuinely connects the affection and activities of these two characters to the powers, both positive and ruinous, to Nature herself. The section structure permits Venus and Adonis a specific influence or approval over the powers that exist in the forces of Nature, yet Shakespeare # 8217 ; s imaginative movement of this sexual portrayal as a word image o f titillating want as a heartbreaking occasion drives the characters to inescapable misfortune, and a total loss of authority over their fortunes. Shakespeare # 8217 ; s content can be approximately partitioned into three regions. The first being Venus # 8217 ; looks of adoration for Adonis, the second influencing Adonis # 8217 ; expire and the Hunt, and the third and finishing up development centers around Venus # 8217 ; response to the loss of Adonis. In the main third, Venus attempts with expanding sadness to bait Adonis into sex. The peaceful scene on the primrose bank is perfect for the explicitly charged analogies she makes. She besieges him with ironic expressions influencing hot ice, showers him with bloomed similitudes, jump starts into a drawn-out vacillation on the old carpe diem subject, and clefts natural wordplaies on words, for example, Harts and cervid. Venus appears to hold motivated power over her ain natural structure, and magnificently metamorphosizes her signifier to suit her purpose, doing it overwhelming bounty to require trees to back up it, so giving the violets she lies on the quality of trees ( 152 ) . For all its depression, the primary region is vivacious and confident, focusing on Adonis # 8217 ; youngster and Venus # 8217 ; constantly self-recharging tissue. The depictions of affection discovered here are altogether sexual and genuinely based, yet there is a miserable quality in Venus # 8217 ; rehashed endeavors and congruity. In any case, at the focal point of the stanza structure Adonis reports that he plans to run the Sus scrofa the accompanying twenty-four hours. Venus falls with the male youngster on her, and follows what should be the sexual flood tide of Venus # 8217 ; endeavors to allure Adonis into her bed, however all Venus gets from the brush is rout: 'everything is whimsical she doth demonstrate # 8217 ; ( 597 ) . In this following region of the section structure, which takes topographic point in the wood, Venus talks about fear, the trepidation of the Sus scrofa and the frenzy of the pursued bunny. Demise, which has been a hidden nearness all through the principal half, turns into the ordering component of the second. On the other hand of squeezing Adonis to cause, Venus cautions him that he will kill his ain relatives on the off chance that he neglects to do adore ( 757-60 ) . The adolescence of Adonis, which had been depicted in such basic footings in the principal development, ready to 'dri ve disease from the perilous twelvemonth # 8217 ; ( 508 ) , out of nowhere ends up exposed to a larger number of contaminations than it can trust to bring around: As ignition febrilities, agues pale and swoon, Life-harming disease and rages wood, The marrow-eating sickness whose attaint Confusion strains by warming of the blood ( 739-42 ) . At a similar clasp Venus loses power over her natural structure. As she hustles through the backwoods after the sound of Adonis # 8217 ; horn, her natural structure is exposed to the nosy gropings of bushes: # 8220 ; Some catch her by the cervix, some kiss her face,/Some string about her thigh to do her stay # 8221 ; ( 872-3 ) . This assault on Venus # 8217 ; physical natural structure, and her failure to stop it renders her considerably increasingly feeble, and H Er administering sexual orientation is gone to terrified unobtrusiveness as she scans for Adonis. Her endeavors to bait Adonis through her peaceful analogies have fizzled, considerably after she confirms her adoration through the touchable components of Nature. In the primary portion of Shakespeare # 8217 ; s sonnet Venus fights to make a graceful Eden out of the substance of Adonis # 8217 ; natural structure and her ain. She discloses to him that he is the 'field # 8217 ; s head blossom # 8217 ; ( 8 ) , and urges him to fall in her on a bank of blossoms, a charmed hover from which snakes and other varmint are restricted. She so continues to change her ain tissue into an allegorical Eden. Her cheeks become gardens ( 65 ) , she guarantees him that 'My excellence as the spring doth every year develop # 8217 ; ( 141 ) , and offers herself to him as a defensive fenced in area where he can shield from the brute condition: 'I # 8217 ; ll be a recreation center, and thou shalt be my cervid:/Feed where 1000 shrivel, on mountain or in dale # 8217 ; ( 231-2 ) . In any case, as the cardinal refrains of the section structure caution all of us, 'is whimsical she doth demonstrate # 8217 ; . The scene of the stanza structure just ever becomes Eden-like in the talk of Venus. We mover more remote through the section structure, her talk loses its quality, and an extremely unique scene rises Continuously these days on the peripheries of Venus # 8217 ; whimsical Eden, is the chance of peril and the threat of a wild outside of her wonderful primrose bank, and beautiful blossoms. As this wild rises in the second and into the third pieces of the refrain structure, the similitudes to Eden are quickly demolished by the practical risks they experience. In the principal region, Venus thinks about Adonis # 8217 ; breath to 'grand dampness # 8217 ; , a dew like the one God used to H2O the workss before he concocted downpour ( 62-6 ) . Also, as the environing clime of the nation adjustments, so we follow the enthusiastic and sexual modifications inside Venus and Adonis. However, the hopping conditions produced by the sweethearts # 8217 ; natural structures become consistently less moderate, go throughing from downpour to singing warmth and back again to rain in a dumbfounding clamor of modifications. In the second development of the section structure these changes become altogether fierce, travel rapidlying through the 'wild waves # 8217 ; of the dull ( 819 ) towards the tempest motioned by the 'red morn # 8217 ; of Adonis # 8217 ; detached oral cavity ( 453-6 ) . The tempest interferences during Venus # 8217 ; chase for the him ( 'Like a blustery twenty-four hours, presently twist, presently downpour,/Sighs dry her cryings, air current makes them wet again # 8217 ; [ 965-6 ] ) , and her find of his natural structure releases a climactic earthquake: 'As when the air current detain # 8217 ; nutrient D in the land,/Fighting for change, Earth # 8217 ; s establishment shingles # 8217 ; ( 1046-7 ) . Venus # 8217 ; closing visualization hands down the equivalent troublesome clime to future social orders, whose sexual confederations will 'bud, and be impacted in an outside breath while # 8217 ; ( 1141 ) . The finishing up division of the refrain structure contains simply the closing verse ( 1189-1194 ) and finishes up with Venus sequestering herself from the outside universe, however non without first giving closing acknowledgment to Nature as a controlling and unmistakably ground-breaking power of both innovative movement each piece great as destruction. By this, the male youngster that close by song execute # 8217 ; nutrient D Was liquefied like a fume from her sight, What's more, in his blood that on the land lay spill # 8217 ; nutrient D, A violet bloom jumped up ( 1165-8 ) . Here Nature endeavors to supplant what was lost, and offers consolation to the suffering Venus by go forthing her with a memory of Adonis in the signifier of a delightful bloom. Shakespeare # 8217 ; s subjects of sexual orientation, life, expire, and the general swarming nearness of Nature are unequivocally manifested all through the content, and make for the peruser a more prominent feeling of the insufficiency of control that exists between grown-up male and Nature, each piece great as grown-up male and his wants. The predetermination of Adonis, each piece great as such an altogether sexual creature, for example, Venus, and the misgiving of adoration inside the refrain structure as essentially a sexual power, attests the force that Shakespeare instills Nature with in the fates of these two characters. Nature is both the sexual word image of their wants each piece great as the indicating power that annihilates them both.

Autobiography Essay Best Practices

Autobiography Essay Best Practices Putting a life into words rescues it from confusion even when the words declare the omnipresence of confusion, since the art of declaring implies dominance., Patricia Meyer Spacks At some point in your education or your career you will be required to make a presentation about yourself or to write an autobiography as an assignment. It is not the story of a life; it is the recreation or the discovery of one. You may wonder… Why writing an autobiography is important? The answers are simple: to leave a message to future generations to pass on your heritage to put closure to a period or episode to process experiences to preserve family history to share what and who you are and to get high grade on the task assigned. The history of autobiography Etymologically the word autobiography is a compound of the Greek terms  autos  (self),  bios  (life), and  graphe  (writing). At its simplest, then, autobiography can be defined as self-life-writing. Autobiographies have been written since A.D. 400 when an early Christian leader, Saint Augustine, wrote his first one. The autobiography definition by Oxford dictionary is as following: “an account of a persons life written by that person.” How to write an autobiography? Writing your autobiography is very interesting and challenging task. Your life is not boring to other people as it is different from the one that other people experience. Can you imagine that living on the beach in the bungalow, enjoying the sunsets every day, swimming with whales and dolphins may sound crazy to the person who had never seen it? What if you were growing up among the sky-scrapers, surrounded by concrete and machines but have never experienced living in a jungle? Would you like to hear more on this from the person who did that? Would you enjoy his story and to try it once? I bet you would! This is what autobiographies are about. Some of them might be fictional, of course, but some of them are true. If you are asked to write an autobiography or you are very inspired by someone’s example, take a pen and a paper and start writing. The first thing to do is to select the topic. So how do you determine your theme? Youve probably heard the saying that diversity is the spice of life. Your job is to find out what makes your family or your experience  spicy  and build a narrative around that. In other words, the real meat of autobiography lies in specific episodes and details that no one but the author could relate, and in the author’s ability to combine those episodes into an interesting story. You can share your family background. Your first step in researching your own autobiography is to gather some background story. Some things to consider: What is interesting about the region where you were born? How does your family history relate to the history of that region? Did your family come to that region for a reason? Or you can tell about your childhood. You may not have had the most interesting childhood in the world; but then again, you may have had an experience that was more interesting the most. The idea is to highlight the best parts when you can. On the other hand, if you grew up in the country you should consider that many people who grew up in the suburbs or inner city have never eaten food straight from a garden, never camped in their backyards, never fed chickens on a working farm, never watched their parents canning food, and never been to a county fair or a small town festival. Another thing you can do in your autobiography is to express your culture. Your culture may differ from the one someone might have. You might visit a new country and marvel at the way in which people in that country talk, think or act. Small things like how people dress, how towns and cities are designed, how people communicate with each other â€"all of this can be quite interesting to the ones who have never been exposed to these different examples of culture every day. Choose the topic which can reflect the traditions on holidays you observe, the customs you practice, the foods you eat, the clothes you wear, the special phrases you use, the language you speak, and the rituals you practice. Crafting your autobiography Of course, there is specific structure for autobiography. Your autobiography should contain the basic framework that any essay should have, like an introductory paragraph with a thesis statement, a body containing several paragraphs, and a conclusion. But the main trick is to make your life story an interesting as you can. Thus, here are the techniques (rather tones of a voice) you might use in your writing. Narrative, in which you give a linear account of events without much reference to underlying emotions or moods. Descriptive writing, which is appropriate when you want to paint a picture of something for your reader, either because of its beauty, its ugliness or simply because its very different from what that reader may know. And the last one is Emotional writing, when you have strong feelings about your topic and want to evoke some emotional response in your reader. No mater of the style of writing you use, it is also a good practice to search for some autobiography examples in the internet. Those examples can bring some ideas on your writing, compare different writing styles and help you to build up your own unique one. Writing autobiography is not an essay and a fast task, it will obviously take time. You will have to conduct a research on your own life when you begin your writing. Try to make your autobiography fascinating to the readers. If you doubt that your life has something worth sharing or it doesn’t have interesting details to present to the audience don’t worry. Your story is  much  more interesting than you probably realize. In case you’re still lacking the inspiration to write your autobiography essay, you can always come to the writing experts and order professional writers help.

Autobiography Essay Best Practices

Autobiography Essay Best Practices Putting a life into words rescues it from confusion even when the words declare the omnipresence of confusion, since the art of declaring implies dominance., Patricia Meyer Spacks At some point in your education or your career you will be required to make a presentation about yourself or to write an autobiography as an assignment. It is not the story of a life; it is the recreation or the discovery of one. You may wonder… Why writing an autobiography is important? The answers are simple: to leave a message to future generations to pass on your heritage to put closure to a period or episode to process experiences to preserve family history to share what and who you are and to get high grade on the task assigned. The history of autobiography Etymologically the word autobiography is a compound of the Greek terms  autos  (self),  bios  (life), and  graphe  (writing). At its simplest, then, autobiography can be defined as self-life-writing. Autobiographies have been written since A.D. 400 when an early Christian leader, Saint Augustine, wrote his first one. The autobiography definition by Oxford dictionary is as following: “an account of a persons life written by that person.” How to write an autobiography? Writing your autobiography is very interesting and challenging task. Your life is not boring to other people as it is different from the one that other people experience. Can you imagine that living on the beach in the bungalow, enjoying the sunsets every day, swimming with whales and dolphins may sound crazy to the person who had never seen it? What if you were growing up among the sky-scrapers, surrounded by concrete and machines but have never experienced living in a jungle? Would you like to hear more on this from the person who did that? Would you enjoy his story and to try it once? I bet you would! This is what autobiographies are about. Some of them might be fictional, of course, but some of them are true. If you are asked to write an autobiography or you are very inspired by someone’s example, take a pen and a paper and start writing. The first thing to do is to select the topic. So how do you determine your theme? Youve probably heard the saying that diversity is the spice of life. Your job is to find out what makes your family or your experience  spicy  and build a narrative around that. In other words, the real meat of autobiography lies in specific episodes and details that no one but the author could relate, and in the author’s ability to combine those episodes into an interesting story. You can share your family background. Your first step in researching your own autobiography is to gather some background story. Some things to consider: What is interesting about the region where you were born? How does your family history relate to the history of that region? Did your family come to that region for a reason? Or you can tell about your childhood. You may not have had the most interesting childhood in the world; but then again, you may have had an experience that was more interesting the most. The idea is to highlight the best parts when you can. On the other hand, if you grew up in the country you should consider that many people who grew up in the suburbs or inner city have never eaten food straight from a garden, never camped in their backyards, never fed chickens on a working farm, never watched their parents canning food, and never been to a county fair or a small town festival. Another thing you can do in your autobiography is to express your culture. Your culture may differ from the one someone might have. You might visit a new country and marvel at the way in which people in that country talk, think or act. Small things like how people dress, how towns and cities are designed, how people communicate with each other â€"all of this can be quite interesting to the ones who have never been exposed to these different examples of culture every day. Choose the topic which can reflect the traditions on holidays you observe, the customs you practice, the foods you eat, the clothes you wear, the special phrases you use, the language you speak, and the rituals you practice. Crafting your autobiography Of course, there is specific structure for autobiography. Your autobiography should contain the basic framework that any essay should have, like an introductory paragraph with a thesis statement, a body containing several paragraphs, and a conclusion. But the main trick is to make your life story an interesting as you can. Thus, here are the techniques (rather tones of a voice) you might use in your writing. Narrative, in which you give a linear account of events without much reference to underlying emotions or moods. Descriptive writing, which is appropriate when you want to paint a picture of something for your reader, either because of its beauty, its ugliness or simply because its very different from what that reader may know. And the last one is Emotional writing, when you have strong feelings about your topic and want to evoke some emotional response in your reader. No mater of the style of writing you use, it is also a good practice to search for some autobiography examples in the internet. Those examples can bring some ideas on your writing, compare different writing styles and help you to build up your own unique one. Writing autobiography is not an essay and a fast task, it will obviously take time. You will have to conduct a research on your own life when you begin your writing. Try to make your autobiography fascinating to the readers. If you doubt that your life has something worth sharing or it doesn’t have interesting details to present to the audience don’t worry. Your story is  much  more interesting than you probably realize. In case you’re still lacking the inspiration to write your autobiography essay, you can always come to the writing experts and order professional writers help.

Human Nature And The Organization Of Human Society

Forensic Anthropologists are able to give someone who has no face a name and finding Out what happened to them. This is made possible by combining the 3 subfields of anthropology. These fields come together to help solve not only present day cases but with technology and advancements we are able to solve decade old cases. Anthropology can be traced all the way back to ancient Greek writings about human nature and the organization of human society. In the 400s BC lived a Greek historian named Herodotus. Herodotus was the first to write widely on concepts that eventually became a part of anthropology. He describes various peoples from multiple cultures of the Persian empire. Jumping ahead to our next historian who lived in the 14th†¦show more content†¦Since these explorers were not very knowledgeable about the civilians they encountered they were not respectful and they didn’t know the language they spoke. As we move into the 1920s and the 1930s we learn that anthropol ogy assumed the current form with its subfields. Franz Boas was an anthropologist who wanted the field to be seen as a well-respected science. He studied all subfields of anthropology and did a lot of research regarding them. Boas also was allowed to do field work in all of the subfields except archeology. Boas helped make anthropology what it is today by defining the discipline and trained many of the well- known anthropologists’ we have today. The three subfields of forensic anthropology are biological anthropology, cultural anthropology, and archaeology. Biological anthropology is the analysis of the evidence of a crime scene by using biochemical and biological techniques. Cultural anthropology is simply a part of anthropology that focuses on the study of human culture. Archaeology is the study of human history by performing archaeological digs and analyzing the artifacts and remains that are found. When these three subfields are brought together and used on cases there ar e no limits to what can be discovered. Biological anthropology when used in a forensic anthropology

What Is Money How Is It Created - 1171 Words

WHAT IS MONEY? HOW IS IT CREATED? Orthodox and Heterodox economics both examine what money is. However, their views are different and, historically, many controversies have existed around money; especially after the global financial crisis. Orthodox economists view money as a medium of exchange that replaced barter. They also view money as a store value; a derivative from the medium of exchange. Heterodox economics support that money is a social unit of account, where credits and debts are measured. They agree that money is a store of value, but because one’s wealth is another one’s debt. With these views in mind their â€Å"origin† stories are told to help understand the function of money from these two different perspectives. In most Orthodox theory, money is not important by itself. Money is important as it is linked to other variables that are of concern such as unemployment, economic growth or maybe inflation. We cannot define money as the thing used because it changes over time. It used to be rocks, wives, gold and now it is notes. Thus, we define money by its use. Money in the modern economy is a medium of exchange that replaced barter; it is spendable at face value almost immediately and is what lubricates the market mechanism. Money can also be a store value. This is a derivative of the money as a medium of exchange. People hold money to purchase something later. The orthodox view was, firstly, developed in the 1870s when economists were trying to identify theShow MoreRelatedSummary of Money as Debt Essay636 Words   |  3 PagesMoney as Debt The â€Å"Money as Debt† was created by Paul Grignon in 2006. It is the most fascinating video I have ever seen. Moreover, I am just amazed how much I have learned in just 47 minutes. This video describes how basic banking system works and answers the question where the money comes from. Years ago, bank used to create money only if they have the real gold with them or someone deposits the gold to bank. 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Common Sense Primary Source Critique - 903 Words

Primary Source Critique: Jacobs, Harriet Ann (â€Å"Linda Brent†), Common Sense Due: November 10, 2013 Common Sense, by Thomas Paine, is a pamphlet that was written in 1775-76. Paine’s purpose for this writing was to be an encouragement to the general people of the thirteen colonies to seek declaration of their independence from Great Britain. Paine’s desire to connect with the common people is evident in his plain and easy to understand writing style; he wrote in an educated, but straight-forward manner. Dubbed a â€Å"political quack† by Loyalist, James Chalmers of Maryland in the Plain Truth (New), and accused of producing a â€Å"crapulous mass† by none other than John Adams, we see just two examples of the many attacks on Paine, who prevailed to†¦show more content†¦First, society grows; a government becomes needed, and in turn laws. Next, because of growth and the inability to gather the people all together, elections become needed. 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Business Communication for Barnlund Transnational-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Communication for Barnlund Transactional Model. Answer: Dean Barnlund invented a communication transactional model in 1970 to help in the interpretation of interpersonal communication which emphasizes that sending and receiving of messages happens at once between two people. The model has multiple layers and is a feedback system. Constant feedback is provided by both parties. The Barnlunds model is made up of public, private and behavioral cues. Public cues are those that are in the environment or can be man-made. Private Cues include factors like senses and can be verbal or non-verbal while behavioral cues are concerned with behavior and can also be verbal and non-verbal (Shen and Austin,2017, p.355). Three Noise Factors: Physical Noise-These are external interferences to both the sender and receiver of the message and include loudspeakers, loud kids or a loud party (Noris,2016). Physiological Noise- These are barriers that can be caused by the sender or receiver and include things like talking too fast, mumbling or lack of pauses in a conversation (Noris,2016). Psychological Noise This is noise that is caused by mental interference either on the speaker or receivers side. It can be caused by wandering thoughts, assumptions or sarcasm (Noris,2016). Overcoming Noise Barriers: Overcoming the barriers caused by noise can be done by: Identifying the source of noise so that possible solutions are thought out Removing physical distractions from wherever they are or moving away from them Listening actively while someone is speaking (Mai and Hoffman,2014) Being empathetic and not judging (Penrose,2015) Using clear language and being coherent Seeking and giving feedback (Verial,2017) Question Two-Motivational Report Part One: MiVO Telecommunications From: Operations Manager To: All Employees Formation of Task Force to Implement New Communication Policy MiVo Telecommunications has been my home for five years and I have been happy working in such a reputable organization. Currently, I hold the position of operations manager and my role is to ensure all operations go smoothly both internally and externally. Over the years, MiVo has adopted a communication style that has enabled it to succeed while interacting with customers and employees as well. This has leveraged the company into holding a strong position in the South African market as one of the top telecommunications companies. Despite the great work that the team has done, there are still challenges when it comes to communication due to external and internal environmental factors. In light of this, the executive team has deemed it fit that the organizations communication policy be reviewed so that we are able to cement our position as the top telecommunications company in the country. Together with a team of employees from the various departments, we will form a task force that will look at the current internal and customer communication policies to identify the loopholes within the same over the next 3 months. Further to this, the task force will come up with recommendations that will be the basis of coming up with a stronger communication policy that will be beneficial to employees, customers, and all organizational stakeholders. The main objectives of the task force will be: Engaging staff and getting customer feedback that will enable identification of loopholes in current communication strategies Proposing new ideas to be factored into the new communication policy Organizing for organization-wide staff training on the importance and applications of business communication Coaching employees on effective customer communication Official documents formulation and communication etiquette In achieving our objectives, the task force will require your full support and cooperation so that the new communication plan becomes a success. Further, we will be seeing your input on new ideas that can make communication better both internally and externally. As we start this process, we are grateful for the support we have received so far and urge that you continue in this spirit as we strive to make MiVo the best in its industry. Annotated Bibliography Reference 1: Harvard Reference Entries - Importance of Educating Employees on Effective Business Communication Practices: Educating Employees. (2017). The Importance of Educating Employees on Business Communication Practices. Business Communication Practices [Online]. Available from https://educating-employees.blogspot.co.ke/2017/09/educating-employees-on-effective.html [Accessed 28 April 2018]. The above online source can is academically credible and relevant to the topic because it gives exhaustive details as regarding why it is important to teach employees about business communication. The article speaks about factors like understanding communication, communication elements and forms of communication. Reference 2: Maislin, S (2017). How to Promote Effective Communications in Your Workplace. CMSWire [Online]. Available from https://www.cmswire.com/digital-workplace/how-to-promote-effective-communications-in-your-workplace/ [Accessed 28 April 2018]. The above article is academically credible and relevant since it speaks about the topic at hand which is educating employees on business communication. The article gives various steps that employers can use to educate their employees. The author also has experience in the business communication field hence making the source one that can be trusted. Question 3 -Email to MiVo Customer Care Agents From: Operations Manager, MiVo To: MiVo Customer Care Agents Subject: Compulsory Intercultural Communication Workshop on 15th May 2018 Dear Team, Thank you for the great work you have been doing as the MiVo customer care team. Despite this, it has come to our attention as management that of late, there have been problems regarding intercultural insensitivity. This is after several complaints that have been received from employees and customers, regarding how they have been handled and in some cases some insensitive comments made by customer care agents. The complainants feel that they were directly targeted and this poses a great reputational risk to our company. Considering this, all customer care agents must attend a compulsory intercultural communication workshop, on the 15th of May 2018, at the MiVo Leadership and Training Centre. As customer care agents of MiVo, we are the face of the organization and therefore must keep in mind that we must empathize with our customers and always aim to give them the best service possible. Part of the lessons that will be learned in this workshop will be the eight methods of improving in tercultural communication as shared by Rettig (2017): Reflecting on behaviors after any intercultural communication encounter and learn from the same Understanding what motivates another persons behavior Doing research to understand different cultures and how to behave in communication situations Seeking help whenever in situations that may not be comfortable Being mindful of other people Double checking any assumptions concerning other cultures Do not judge others based on their culture Constantly seek feedback I urge all the customer care agents to start putting the above eight factors into practice even as we plan on attending the workshop. Kindly feel free to consult any manager or colleague in case you feel stuck. Let us strive to be sensitive to one another and give our internal and external customers stellar service as per MiVos mission. Regards, Operations Manager, MiVo. Bibliography Educating Employees. (2017). The Importance of Educating Employees on Business Communication Practices. Business Communication Practices [Online]. Available from https://educating-employees.blogspot.co.ke/2017/09/educating-employees-on-effective.html [Accessed 28 April 2018] Mai, R. and Hoffmann, S., (2014). Accents in business communication: An integrative model and propositions for future research.Journal of Consumer Psychology,24(1), pp.137-158. Maislin, S (2017). How to Promote Effective Communications in Your Workplace. CMSWire [Online]. Available from https://www.cmswire.com/digital-workplace/how-to-promote-effective-communications-in-your-workplace/ [Accessed 28 April 2018] Norris, J.E. (2016). 4 Types of Noise That Disrupt Communication. Onthego.FM [Online]. Available from: https://onthego.fm/4-types-noise-disrupt-communication-non-technical-problem-podcasters-face/ [Accessed 28 April 2018] Penrose, J.M., 2015. Understanding and using the relationships between business and professional communication and public relations.Business and Professional Communication Quarterly,78(4), pp.494-510. Rettig, T (2017). 8 Habits of Successful Intercultural Communications. Intercultural Mindset [Online]. Available from https://medium.com/intercultural-mindset/8-habits-of-successful-intercultural-communicators-f77d7eb331a9 [Accessed 28 April 2018] Shen, L. and Austin, L., 2017. Communication and job satisfaction.Social Issues in the Workplace: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice, p.355. Verial, D. (2017). How to Overcome Noise Barriers in Communication. EHOW UK [Online]. Available from https://www.ehow.co.uk/how_8031308_overcome-noise-barriers-communication.html [Accessed 28 April 2018]

25 Best Value US Colleges Worth Your Investment

25 Best Value US Colleges Worth Your Investment 25 most expensive US universities that are worth applying for. Choosing a college requires considering a number of factors:   the  presence of fraternity and sorority life, the  location, and size of the university or college, its academic reputation, etc. Surprisingly, these factors are not the most important when a typical student weighs when  making their final choice. The most important thing to think over is the tuition fee. Indeed  the total cost of attending college is, without a doubt, the most important factor  influencing students final decision. But is there any sense in paying a  higher tuition fee? Why not choose an alternative college? Something less expensive, for example. The reason to choose a higher-ranking institution is that the top-ranking colleges mean  a greater return on investment for students when they graduate and get employed. According to the FORBES’ 2016 ranking of the USA’s Best Value Colleges here is a list of the most pricey universities in America: 1.  Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), located in Cambridge, MA. The average annual price in MIT is $21,816. 2.  California Institute of Technology, (Caltech). The average annual charge is $25,667. 3.  Stanford University  offers more than 65 departments and programs. Among the most famous Stanford graduates of all time are John F. Kennedy (he dropped his MBA program before receiving the degree), Sigourney Weaver, Tiger Woods, Larry Page, Reese Witherspoon and many others. 4.  Harvey Mudd College  is a liberal arts college. It is a college for those who would like to become scientists, mathematicians, and engineers. 5.  Yale University in Connecticut is situated 90 minutes from New Youk and is open for those who wish to take a guided tour, stroll through the historic Old Campus or attend a concert. 6.  A member of the Ivy League Brown University (RI) 7.  Dartmouth College (NH) offers a liberal arts education for the 21st century: education in and beyond the classroom as said on the website of the college. 8. In  Cornell University (NY)  engineering is definitely top notch. Chemical, electrical, computer science, mechanics majors here are regarded highly too. 9.  Several small liberal arts colleges of Washington and Lee University in Lexington, VA 10.  Colgate University in Hamilton 11.  NY Williams College in Williamstown, MA 12.  Schools in the Midwest including the University of Chicago, in Chicago, IL. The university of Chicago was founded by  John D. Rockefeller in 1890 and is considered to be one of the worlds premier research and academic institutions. 13.  Northwestern University in Evanston, IL. The mission of Northwestern University states: Northwestern is committed to excellent teaching, innovative research and the personal and intellectual growth of its students in a diverse academic community. 14.  Carleton College, in Northfield, MN These schools may be pricey, but they prove to bring a high payoff. Choosing a college from the list above will make the parents rest easy as they know that this choice will pay dividends. Need help with your college essay? Order an essay written by our professional writers.

How to Refer to Monetary Amounts

How to Refer to Monetary Amounts How to Refer to Monetary Amounts How to Refer to Monetary Amounts By Mark Nichol How should references to amounts of money be styled? The key to answering that question is context. Casual, isolated references, as well as approximations, are generally spelled out, as in the examples below: â€Å"I’m just putting in my two cents’ worth.† â€Å"Remember when a candy bar cost twenty-five cents?† â€Å"I have only five dollars in my wallet.† â€Å"She loaned him a thousand dollars.† â€Å"I wouldn’t trade it for a million dollars.† However, in financial contexts- those involving anything from numerous references to salaries of specific athletes in a book about professional sports to pervasive citations in a book about business or economics, use the dollar sign and numerals: â€Å"He was the first professional football player to earn an annual salary of more than $1 million.† Note that for round figures, using a pertinent figure followed by a term for an order of magnitude (such as million) is preferable to numeric notation ($1,000,000), unless the figure is precise, as in â€Å"The charitable event raised $1,567,893.† Generally, however, such precision is unnecessary, and an amount can be expressed with rounded-up approximation: â€Å"The charitable event raised $1.6 million.† (A casual reference can read â€Å"1.6 million dollars.†) In some financial contexts, K is used as a symbol for thousands, as in $125K in place of $125,000. Dollar amounts are always spelled out when they begin a sentence, so if an amount is more or less precise, to avoid a cumbersome expression such as â€Å"One hundred twenty-five thousand dollars is the starting salary,† recast the sentence so that the sentence doesn’t begin with the figure: â€Å"The starting salary is $125,000.† (Beginning a sentence with the spelled-out version is acceptable for an isolated reference in a nonfinancial context but should be avoided when using dollar figures in abundance.) Note that hyphens are employed when a spelled-out number is part of a phrasal adjective (â€Å"The five-million-dollar budget wasn’t enough for their ambitious plans†) but not with the dollar sign and numerals (â€Å"The $5 million budget wasn’t enough for their ambitious plans†). In international contexts, the US dollar or an equivalent amount in another currency is usually indicated as shown in this example: â€Å"The US$6.5 billion aid package was part of the deal.† The cent sign is rarely employed, except in cases such as indication of a printed cost, as on a price tag, in which case â€Å"seventy-nine cents,† for example, would be expressed â€Å"79 ¢.† In financial contexts, however, use a numeral and the word cents, as in the phrase â€Å"79 cents on the dollar.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S35 Genres and Other Varieties of FictionConversational Email

Civil Partnership and Marriage are the Same Essay

Civil Partnership and Marriage are the Same - Essay Example To be eligible for a civil partnership, the parties should be of the same sex, be unmarried and not already a civil partner, be over the age of 16 and have parental consent if under 18 years of age, and should not be within the prohibited degrees of relationship. The formalities of marriage are predominantly governed by â€Å"the Marriage Act 1949, the Marriage Act 1983 and the Marriage (Registrar General’s Licence) Act 1970† (LexisNexis 2011). They include requirement for licenses, the conduction of marriages in a prescribed place, the fulfillment of formalities that relate to the hours of marriage, the attendance of witnesses, and other factors. Failure to comply with the formalities may form grounds for nullity. The formalities governing the formation of a civil partnership are contained in the Civil Partnership Act 2004. They include the requirements pertaining to notice and residence, the place of registration, delivery of the civil partnership document, registrati on, publicity, objections, and the waiting period. There is recognition of particular overseas relationships in England and Wales, which derive the same benefits as civil partnerships, and may be terminated in the same way as civil partnerships. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to critically discuss the statement that civil partnership is simply marriage by another name; therefore there is no need to extend marriage to same-sex couples or civil partnership to different-sex couples. Civil Partnerships and Marriage Until 1967 the concept of same-sex partners had not been acceptable in the United Kingdom; and sexual relations between two people of the same gender was considered illegal. The law was changed in 2004 as a result of extensive pressure from the gay community and the government’s commitment to equality and social justice. Ultimately, the law recognised the relationship between same-sex couples as similar to the marriage relationship between opposite-sex people. These reforms are significant, particularly for those generations of same-sex couples who suffered discrimination because of their relationship being considered illegal (Family Law 2, 2007). Thus, The Civil Partnership Act 2004 (CPA) has had long-term legal effects. It creates a new legal status of ‘civil registered partner’, and aligns English law with that of â€Å"the Netherlands, Belgium, parts of Canada, Denmark, Sweden, Portugal, Spain and Germany† (Family Law 2, 2007: 30). The Act grants several rights and responsibilities to homosexual partnerships that have been registered. Like marriage, the Civil Partnership Act, 2004 has particular formalities which need to be in place. The formation of the civil partnership is procedurally similar to the civil wedding. Thus, â€Å"the registration cannot take place in a place of religious worship and no religious service is permitted† (Family Law 2, 2007: 30). However, a specific difference between a c ivil marriage and a civil partnership is the form of words used; that is, no specific forms of words need to be used for a civil partnership unlike the case of a civil wedding. Only people of the same sex can register Section 2(1) of the Civil Partner

Research about Government Expenditure in a country and then compare it Essay

Research about Government Expenditure in a country and then compare it to another country - Essay Example This is managed by the central state and its ministries, regional and local authorities, separate public bodies and international organizations. The management of budget and finance is the responsibility of the Ministry of Finance and that of the Central Bank that exercises control on its use and allocation. This is done through a legislated agreement whereby all revenues are deposited to a Central Bank and could be withdrawn only through a legislature. This study will focus on the impact of budgeting processes in the developing countries Sample steps of budget preparations to show how government expenditure is planned and implemented will also be discussed The line budgeting system requires a listing of expenditures for the coming year. These are itemized according to objects of expenditures and quite often detailed as to where the budget item will be used for instance, how much money will be spent by the agency for personnel services, travel, maintenance, equipment and others. This system has been designed so that an agency will not overspend on their allocated budget for a specific item in a specified year. The advantage of the system is it is simple, easy to understand, expenses are controlled and expenditures are comparable with prior years. While this type of budget management is simple and easy, World Bank sees its limitations such that it should be reformed to cope with the advancement of a rapidly and technologically changing world. WB experts see that line budgeting offers no explanations where budget has been spent; neither will it provide information on the programs implemented. It is short-sighted, as it is programmed for short term, e.g. one year, and does not take into account long-term approach. Upon recognizing the limitations of line budget, another approach focused on performance basis was tried. This time, the activities of the agency is tied up with the budget. The basis of budget decisions depends on what

Patient Outcomes for Fibromyalgia Treatments

Patient Outcomes for Fibromyalgia Treatments Busch et al. (2011) describes fibromyalgia as chronic condition that exhibits symptoms that include widespread pain, non-recuperative sleep and fatigue. Fibromyalgia can affect anyone of any age but is most prevalent in women aged 50 or older (Traska, Rutledge, Mouttapa, Weiss, Aquino, 2010). Currently, the etiology of fibromyalgia is not understood. Fibromyalgia also has no specific diagnostic tests or cures (Becker, Stuifbergen, Taxis, Beal, Pierini, 2009). Diagnosis is established with guidelines set by the American College of Rheumatology (Gore, Sadosky, Zlateva, Clauw, 2009). Gore, et al. (2009) states that the guidelines stress the incidence of pain and tenderness at least 11 of the 18 defined tender points. Treatment for fibromyalgia, according to Zhao, Sun, Watson, Mitchell, and Swindle (2011), is palliative measures that include pharmacological treatment, behavioral modifications, physical and exercise therapy, and alternative medicines. This literature review is an examination of both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments for fibromyalgia and the effectiveness of the treatments. The following text will review and analyze several pieces of literature that provide information and statistics regarding the different methods of controlling the symptoms of fibromyalgia. The conclusion of this review will present suggestions and recommendations for enhancing and expanding the current body of research. Literature Review Pharmacologic Treatment Pharmacologic treatment for fibromyalgia includes many classes of medications. Medications include analgesics, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, opioids, and dopamine agonists (Zhao, Sun, Watson, Mitchell, Swindle, 2011). The pathophysiology of fibromyalgia is not well understood, but is believed to be the result of an increase in pain signal transmission of the central nervous system (Gore, et al. 2009). Gore, et al. (2009) focused attention on the medications gabapentin and pregabalin. A commercial database was used to study identifying traits among patients newly prescribed gabapentin and pregabalin that included clinical characteristics, healthcare resource use, and pharmacologic therapy (Gore, et al. 2009). Statistics were limited to those with at least one healthcare encounter during 2006 and 2007 with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia and naive to both gabapentin and pregabalin. The sample was majority female (85%) and greater than 70% over the age of 45 (Gore, et al. 2009). Results indicated that pregabalin users in the cohort study saw statistically significant reduction (p values A systematic literature review of 14 studies revealed a decrease in healthcare access among Latinos in the US as compared to Caucasian Americans (Timmins, 2002). Fifty-five percent of these studies indicated significant negative effects to healthcare access for Latino individuals with LEP (Timmins, 2002). Cancer screenings, mental health evaluations, and reproductive care among Latino populations were substantially lower (Timmins, 2002). The reason for this decline was primarily linked to poor health education and promotion as a result of linguistic barriers (Timmins, 2002). Communication barriers also hindered therapeutic rapport that potentially contributed to decreased access to care (Timmins, 2002). Shi, Lebrun, and Tsai (2009) conducted descriptive and comparative research on a national health survey that involved 29,868 participants. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of LEP on healthcare access (Shi et al., 2009). Analysis showed that respondents with LEP were more inclined to waive needed medical care and less inclined to have healthcare visits (Shi et al., 2009). In particular, unadjusted analysis showed 58% of respondents with LEP and adjusted analysis revealed 34% of those respondents were more likely to have reduced healthcare visits (Shi et al., 2009). This study revealed multivariable impacts upon healthcare access; however, strategic analysis allowed for variable isolation in order to fully assess the effect of language barriers alone upon healthcare access. In a descriptive study, DuBard and Gizlice (2008) examined responses from 45,076 Hispanics in a randomized national health survey. The study indicated that healthcare access was substantially limited for Hispanics with LEP than Hispanics with English proficiency. The results showed 55% of Hispanics with LEP had no health insurance; whereas, 23% of Hispanics who spoke English were uninsured (DuBard Gizlice, 2008). An additional comparison revealed that 58% of Hispanics with LEP had not obtained a primary doctor, while 29% of English-speaking Hispanics were under primary physician care (DuBard Gizlice, 2008). Hispanics with LEP were also less likely to have annual health visits and preventative services, such as immunization, dental, and screening care (DuBard Gizlice, 2008). These results have implied a prominent influence of language barriers upon access to healthcare. Multivariate analysis disclosed limitations to healthcare access for all Hispanics, but a substantial decrease in access to health services was observed for Hispanics with LEP (DuBard Gizlice, 2008). Safety and Quality of Care In his systematic review, Timmins (2002) reported that 86% of studies indicated a definite negative effect of linguistic barriers upon the quality of care for Hispanics with LEP. In comparison to Hispanics that were proficient in English, one study revealed Hispanics with LEP were significantly (P Masland, Kang, and Ma (2011) conducted a study that assessed medication prescription comprehension in the following five ethnic minority groups: (a) Mexican, (b) Central American, (c) Chinese, (d) Korean, and (e) Vietnamese. Limited English proficiency inhibited communication and understanding of prescriptions in all ethnicities except Vietnamese (Masland et al., 2011). In particular, limited English proficiency in the Mexican, Central American, and Korean groups tripled the chance of misinterpretation and quadrupled the chance for the Chinese group (Masland et al., 2011). Poor communication and unavailability of prescription labels in native languages were associative reasons that inhibited prescription understanding and ultimately compromised client safety (Masland et al., 2011). However, most all ethnicities greatly benefitted from having language concordant physicians (Masland et al., 2011). As a result of physician/patient communication barriers, patients with LEP had an increased probability of undergoing more diagnostic testing (Pares-Avila et al., 2011). Studies reported physicians unnecessarily ordering an array of tests to determine or rule out health problems (Pares-Avila et al., 2011). This action not only potentially contributed to poor patient satisfaction but also promoted delays in care services (Pares-Avila et al., 2011). Health Status and Management According to DuBard and Gizlice (2008), 39% of Hispanics with LEP reported fair or poor health status; whereas, 17% of Hispanics who were English proficient conveyed fair or poor health condition. Timmins (2002) added that negative health status and outcomes could be attributed to language barriers. Misdiagnosing and prescription errors were found in one study to have contributed to negative health outcomes, yet limited English proficiency was not clearly isolated as a specific cause (Timmins 2002). Another study alluded to a casual association between language barriers and negative health outcomes, which potentially promoted declines in health status (Timmins, 2002). Wisnivesky et al. (2009) conducted a cohort study to analyze asthma control and quality of life. Upon comparing English proficiency levels, Wisnivesky et al. (2009) discovered major language barrier impacts. Latinos with LEP had statistically significant (P Fernandez et al. (2010) examined data from the 2005-2006 Diabetes Study of Northern California, a well-designed cohort of insured clients, to determine diabetes management of Hispanic individuals with LEP. Although this study’s multivariate analysis examined other variables that could have contributed to ineffective glycemic control, limited English proficiency was identified as the primary â€Å"independent predictor† (Fernandez et al., 2010, p. 170) of poor glycemic management among US Hispanics. Analysis further revealed statistically significant improvement (P Future Research and Practice Recommendations Literature has confirmed the existence of multivariable elements that compound, exacerbate, and/or lead to healthcare disparities among minority populations. Ongoing research is needed to explore all potential variables, to analyze the impact each variable has upon healthcare, and to discover best methods to improve healthcare for minority groups. A substantial amount of literature has corroborated language barriers as a major source contributing to negative healthcare management; therefore, this appraiser has considered this evidence indicative of poor professional practice that insufficiently bridges language barrier divisions and compromises patient healthcare. Nurses should be proactive in employing interpreter services and finding best practice measures to effectively communicate with patients. Pares-Avila et al. (2011) reported that patients with LEP are often not informed of their legal rights to have interpreters; hence, nurses must be client advocates and inform patients of this entitlement. Furthermore, quality improvement measures and future research should be implemented to continually evaluate interpreter service use and effectiveness. In the US, rapid expansion in language diversity has not mirrored the available diversity among healthcare workers (Pares-Avila et al., 2011). Literature has reflected improvements in healthcare directly related to having language concordant physicians, yet accessibility of language concordant providers has not adequately complemented the increasing number of patients with linguistic diversities. This literature review lacked studies that addressed or assessed the impact of nurse language concordance. However, this appraiser values language agreement between nurse and patient, perceiving it a powerful measure to ensure affective communication and promote health. More research is needed to analyze the effect of language unity between nurses and clients. With a growing diverse nation and competitive work arena, nurses should envision secondary language acquisition as the â€Å"edge† toward professional success and patient satisfaction. References Becker, H., Stuifbergen, A., Taxis, C., Beal, C. C., Pierini, D. M. (2009). The use of goal attainment scaling to facilitate and assess individualized change in a wellness intervention for women with fibromyalgia syndrome.Journal of Holistic Nursing,27, 232-240. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03501 Busch, A. J., Webber, S. C., Brachaniec, M., Bidonde, J., Bello-Haas, V. D., Danyliw, A. D., . . . Schacter, C.L. (2011).Exercise therapy for fibromyalgia.Current Pain Headache Reports, 15, 358-367. Gore, M., Sadosky, A. B., Zlateva, G., Clauw, D. J. (2009).Clinical Characteristics, Pharmacotherapy and Healthcare Resource Use among Patients with Fibromyalgia Newly Prescribed Gabapentin or Pregabalin.Pain Practice,9, 363-374. doi: 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2009.00292 Traska, T. K., Rutledge, D. N., Mouttapa, M., Weiss, J., Aquino, J. (2010). Strategies used for managing symptoms by women with fibromyalgia.Journal of Clinical Nursing,21, 626-635. doi: 10.1177/0898010109339525 Zhao, Y., Sun, P., Watson, P., Mitchell, B., Swindle, R.(2010). Comparison of medication adherence and healthcare costs between duloxetine and pregabalin initiators among patients with fibromyalgia.Pain Practice,11, 204-216.

the stand :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  King, Stephen. The Stand. New York: New York, 1978   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  tephen Edwin King was born on September 21, 1947 in Portland, Maine He was a surprise to the family because his mother was told that she would never have children. His parents, Donald and Nellie King, were having trouble in their marriage, and when Stephen King was only 2, his father, a door to door salesman for a company, left the house to buy a pack of cigarettes, but never returned. Stephen King hasn't seen his father since.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stephen and his adopted older brother, David King, lived with their mother back and forth between Massachusetts and Maine. And his passion for writing came about in 1959 when he wrote articles in his brothers local newspaper titled Daves Rag. Copied on a mimeograph machine, and with a circulation of only 20 or so Stephen wrote articles. Inspired by the relative success, Stephen copied some of his short stories and sold them to local people for a whole thirty cents. Stephen actually sold some of his work at school until teachers stopped it. And that’s how he started his carrier in writing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The setting of the story takes place in 1991 in America. A plague struck the U.S. only leaving a few thousand survivors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the year 1991, a plague strikes America, leaving only a few thousand people alive who are immune to the epidemic. Of the survivors, those who serve G-d instinctively join in Boulder, Colorado, while those who worship the Dark Man are drawn to Las Vegas, Nevada. The two groups separately rebuild society, until one must destroy the other. Franni Goldsmith comes very close to killing herself. She thinks she can not deal with her parents' deaths, being unwed and pregnant, and having the only other survivor in her hometown of Ogunquit, Main be her recently deceased best friend's weird brother Harold Lauder. On their way, they meet up with six people from various states in the United States who joined them on their journey. Fran is disturbed by her dreams, as all of them are by their own. She dreams of an old lady named Abigail, in Colorado. This lady is kind and loving and promises to protect them from the evil. In the dreams there is also a Dark Man. He is always t here lurking, waiting to attack. Harold admits to himself that he is in love with Fran and goes crazy when he realizes how serious Fran has become with Stuart Redman, one of the newcomers to their traveling group.

The Shawnee Tribe

The Shawnee Tribe Did you know that the Shawnee Indian tribe is a fascinating tribe? I recently have learned that they are nomads. Nomads are people who travel instead of settling in one place. Southern Ohio, West Virginia, and western Pennsylvania were a couple of states they once lived in. Until around 1660 Iroquois drove out the tribe to southern Carolina, Tennessee’s Cumberland basin, eastern Pennsylvania, and southern Illinois. They had tried to return, but again they were forced to leave by American settlers.The settlers pushed them first to Missouri and then to Kansas, but the Shawnee people settled in Oklahoma after the Civil War. The Shawnee survived using various methods of hunting and gathering. Both men and women had responsibilities in providing food. They hunted many animals including deer, squirrel, turkey, raccoon, bear, muskrat, rabbit, and ducks/geese. They set traps for the animals, and they disguised themselves to blend in with their surroundings to get clo se enough to club or shoot them. People never wasted anything; they used all the different parts for different things.In January and February they hunted beaver for their pelts and meat to trade with the settlers. In the summer time they, and during fall, groups of men and women would leave the village and hunt. Small temporary lodges were used. Another way to get food was to plant or gather it. They planted beans, squash, corn, pumpkins, and melons but corn was their main food. They gathered wild berries, nuts, maple, roots, and wild honey. In the springtime women planted crops and summer through fall they gathered wild plants and fruits.Tapping maple trees for sap was another thing they did. Raiding beehives was also popular to get honey. The women were mostly responsible for planting, harvesting, and taking care of crops. Roles for people are very important because the people would know what their job was and what other’s jobs were. Men were very important because they mos tly hunted, carved wood into ladles, bowls, and spoons, were in charge of politics and war, and were warriors. Women had many roles, but some were harder than others. They built homes and fires, dressed the game, cooked, lanted crops, scraped skins and tanned hides, made clothing, wove blankets, and made vessels of clay. They also served as advisors of peace and war. They managed all farming activities and ceremonies in the village. Both men and women took part in storytelling, artwork, music, and traditional medicine. Young girls learned from their mothers how to gather wild foods, plant crops, care for children and perform household duties. Boys were taught to hunt and fight from their fathers. At age nine, boys began special training and self-discipline. Parents were strict, and the children were seldom punished.They were expected to be the judge of their own behavior. However, the parents expected high standards of behavior and responsibility. Special jobs of the Shawnee tribe i ncluded being a chief. Chiefs would handle problems and activities, good or bad and also dealt with problems that could not be resolved by individuals or families. War chiefs protected the tribe from enemy attack and decided when to go to war. They had to prove themselves in battle as leaders and warriors. Chiefs inherited their positions as peace, clan, or war chiefs. Peace chiefs could also call-off a war.The Thawikila and Chalaakaatha divisions were in charge of governing the people and chiefs came from one of the two divisions. Membership for one of the five divisions was inherited by the father’s side. Clothing of the Shawnee was homemade and you had to make your own clothes in order to stay warm. Deerskin clothing was what most Shawnee people wore. During the winter, men and women added loose shirts and leggings and would also wrap themselves in buffalo robes or fur cloaks made of bear or moose skins. Decorations were important to the tribe. They dyed clothing, porcupin e quills; and feathers and points were also used.Men wore headdresses made of animal fur and decorated them with feathers from a bird of prey such as an eagle, hawk, or owl. Men mostly wore shirts and leggings and women wore shirts with leggings or dresses. After contact with the European traders, the Shawnee began to own glass beads which they used on their clothing. Jewelry included silver pins, necklaces, and bracelets for women. Men liked to wear silver nose rings and earrings. Dances, music, and ceremonies were all important to the Shawnee tribe. Spring held a dance named â€Å"Spring Bread Dance† in which they prayed for plentiful crops.In the summer they held the â€Å"Green Corn Dance† in celebration for the growing of corn. Fall held the â€Å"Fall Bread Dance† where they prayed that game would be plentiful also and gave thanks for the harvest. Musical instruments included skin drums, gourd rattles, deer-hoofed rattles and sometimes reed flutes. Many di fferent tools were used by the Shawnee and they needed them to survive. They used hammers made of stone or other hard substance, some had handles and some did not. Knives and saws were made of shells, stone, or other materials. Borers were natural tools used for making holes in soft or hard objects.An axe was another tool made of shells, iron, or copper. The blade could easily turn at a right angle. It was held with your hands or attached in various ways to a handle by a rawhide. Some other weapons are bows and arrows, stone tomahawks, spears, and chipped flint arrow points. Homes and shelters were another item that was needed by the Shawnee. The home they lived in was called a wegiwa which were tree poles covered by bark or animal skin. The frame of the house was made of sapling tied together and covered with bark from elm or birch trees.When bark was not available animal skin was used. There were no windows and there was only one opening in one end for a door and a hole in the mid dle of the roof for the smoke from the cooking fire. In a pit in the middle of the floor is where they burned the fire. Inside walls were lined with raised wooden platforms that were used as beds. Homes were sometimes furnished with shelves, benches, and tables. The Shawnee’s way of life came to an end by splitting into small bands and moving away from others. The Shawnee had many wars with American settlers over land rights.One Native American named Tecumseh, who was an excellent communicator and military strategist, was admired greatly by the Shawnee. They followed his every command. During the Battle of Thames in 1813, Tecumseh was shot and killed. With his death the Shawnee people lost their spirit to fight. They then scattered and drifted in small bands into Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Some remained in Ohio. Between 1825 and 1900 the United States Government took more land rights away through various treaties. This led to more movement and most Shawn ee became part of a non-native society.The Shawnee tribe is so interesting and amazing. Shawnee people believe in one female God, Our Grandmother, and she created the earth and made people. When people grew old she scooped them up in nets and brought them to the sky. Also, the most sacred spirits to the Shawnee were Tobacco, Fire, Water, and Eagle. Daniel Boone was one of the most famous prisoners taken in war and was held for several months. During that time he made friends with them and participated in their games. When he went back to the settlers he realized that the Shawnee tribe was a friendly tribe.Another interesting fact about the Shawnee is that parents would plunge their babies into snow or freezing cold water every day for several months because they wanted to make their children tougher. The Shawnee tribe was fun to study and I learned a lot about their way of life and history. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bial, Raymond. The Shawnee. Tarrytown, New York. Benchmark Books, 2004. Flanagan , Alice K. The Shawnee. Canada. Children’s Press, 1998. Mattern, Joanne. The Shawnee Indians. Manakato, Minnesota. Bridgestone Books, 2001. Yacowitz, Caryn. Shawnee Indians. Chicago, Illinois. Heinemann Library, 2003. Additional research includes many websites

Terrorist Attacks On The United States - 1453 Words

September 11th, 2001, alleged Al-Qaeda members attacked the United States of America with four passenger planes, Boeing 757s. Two planes flew into the North and South Towers of the World Trade Center in New York, one plane flew into the Pentagon, and the remaining plane was possibly targeting the White House but was unsuccessful. People all over America felt an utter shock and disbelief after this tragic event as people demanded answers. After the terrorist attacks, a portion of Americans started to believe in conspiracies proving the government was behind it all. To add, Americans also believed that the U.S. government knew in advance of the terrorist attacks on September 11th due to the time between the attacks and the Bush administration’s attempt to investigate, the National Security Association’s lack of investigation of suspicious phone calls, and the odd â€Å"collapse† of World Trade Center Seven. However, the government tried to counter attack with the p oints that Al Qaeda was behind the attacks on September 11th, Khalid Mohammed was the mastermind behind September 11th, and that debris hit World Trade Center Seven. After the tragedy, the U.S. government believed that Al-Qaeda hijacked the planes used in the attacks. During investigations after the attacks, the FBI found a copy of the Koran-the holy book of Islam-and pilot manuals in a hijacker’s car at the Logan International Airport in Boston prior to the attacks. The FBI then traced down the hijackers toShow MoreRelatedThe Terrorist Attacks Of The United States1409 Words   |  6 PagesThe 2001 terrorist attack in the United States had negative social and economic effects in the country and generally stirred the peace of the citizens. Terrorism is a major threat to any sovereign country in the world including the United States where. There are other threats that influence the comfort and the interests of the residents of the United States in varying measures (Decker, 200 1). The Department of Homeland Security is tasked with the protection of the people from any activity that influencesRead MoreThe Terrorist Attacks Of The United States2247 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"9/11†-the terrorist attacks that took place on September 11, 2001- many Americans, officials such as the local Police Departments, Fire Fighters, the government and the President of the United States all shared one main priority and thought. That thought, concern and priority was to combat terrorism in the United States and avoid something this immense from happening ever again. 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But was it really these extremists who attacked the United States of America, or was itRead MoreTerrorist Attacks On The United Sta tes Of Homeland Security2742 Words   |  11 PagesSeptember 21st, 2001 only eleven days after 911, a day that will go down in infamy because of the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, Pennsylvania Governor Tom Ridge was appointed as the first Director of the Office of Homeland Security. The nation fell to pieces after this horrible attack. Just shy of 3,000 people lost their lives, and thousands of families lost loved ones. Never before had the United States lived in such fear and uncertainty. Something needed to be done, and it had to happen quicklyRead MoreThe Security Administration ( Tsa ) / 11 Terrorist Attacks On The United States1802 Words   |  8 PagesOur society today has transformed in ways that our Founding Fathers would have never expected. Life changing events such as 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States has set the tone in how our government responds to such horror. It has put the entire nation on an edge and citizens feel the insecurity of their gover nment and fear for their safety. Every individual was scrutinized, but some were looked at more closely than others due to their sex, race, and religious background. Government has